European History, Part 18

Question 1: Describe the role that the following individuals played in the politics of Russia: 1. Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova 2. Grigori Rasputin

Answer 1: 1. Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova was the Tsaritsa of Russia (in other words, the Russian Queen) from the late nineteenth century to the end of World War I. She is primarily known for allowing the mystic, Grigori Rasputin, to exercise an unusual amount of control over the Russian government. It is also important to note that she ruled Russia in Tsar Nicholas II’s place after he left the capital to lead the Russian Army in 1915.2. Grigori Rasputin, who is also known as the “Black Monk” or the “Mad Monk,” was a mystic who lived in Russia during the late nineteenth to early twentieth century. He manipulated the Tsar or Russia Nicholas II and his wife, the Tsaritsa Alexandra, by convincing them that he could heal their son and rid him of his blood illness (hemophilia). It is important to note that Rasputin was eventually murdered by a group of Russian nobles.

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Question 2: Describe the role that the following individuals played in the politics of Russia: 1. Alexander Kerensky 2. Vladimir Lenin

Answer 2: 1. Alexander Kerensky was a political reformer who lived in Russia during the late nineteenth to late twentieth centuries. He helped the liberal movement in Russia establish a new government, known as the Provisional Government, after Tsar Nicholas II was forced to step down. It is also important to note that Alexander Kerensky later served as the Prime Minister of the Provisional Government.2. Vladimir Lenin was a political reformer who lived in Russia during the late nineteenth to early twentieth century. He is primarily known for the role that he played in establishing the Russian movement to implement a government based on Karl Marx’s idea of communism. (The movement is actually known as the Marxist movement.) Lenin’s Marxist movement ultimately led to the formation of the communist government known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.

Question 3: Describe the events that led to the Revolution of 1905.

Answer 3: The Revolution of 1905 refers to a series of riots that occurred throughout Russia from mid January to mid December 1905. The industrial workers of Russia, who were suffering under the harsh working conditions that existed in the Russian factories, petitioned the Tsar of Russia Nicholas II to implement a series of reforms that would grant the workers additional rights. These rights included freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, the right to insurance for health and injury costs, the right to create a Russian constitution, and the right to create a new legislature in which the people of Russia could elect representatives. Tsar Nicholas II was not willing to allow the people to form a constitutional government that would limit his own power. The tsar, as a result, agreed to guarantee the workers some rights, but he refused to guarantee them the right to create a constitution or the right to create a new legislature.

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