Healthy Interpersonal Relationships, Part 11

Question 1: Describe and discuss breast cancer.

Answer 1: Though it is possible for men to develop breast cancer, it is still a disease that primarily affects women. Women are considered to be particularly at risk if they are over the age of 50, have a family history of the disease, have no children, have experienced late menopause, or are obese. In order to guard against this threat, women should perform regular self-examinations for lumps or alterations in their breasts, as well as receiving frequent mammograms (a diagnostic X-ray of the breast). If these procedures discover an abnormal growth, a biopsy will be performed to determine its character. Doctors may then opt to perform a lumpectomy (removal of tumor and surrounding tissue), quadrantectomy (removal of a larger area around the breast), or mastectomy (removal of the entire breast).

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Question 2: Describe and discuss testicular cancer.

Answer 2: Testicular cancer is not especially common, but it can be quite dangerous, particularly because it most often affects seemingly healthy men between the ages of 18 and 35. Men are at a greater risk if they have an undescended testicle. Testicular cancer usually is accompanied by a swelling or tenderness in one of the testes, so men who experience this condition should seek medical attention immediately. Although it may be necessary to remove a testicle that becomes cancerous, this will not impede a man’s sexual function or potency. Testosterone injections may be required if both testicles are removed. If testicular cancer is diagnosed early on, it is very unlikely that the individual will suffer any long-term health problems.

Question 3: Describe and discuss obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Answer 3: One extreme kind of anxiety disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder, in which the individual is plagued by a recurring thought he or she cannot escape and may display repetitive, rigidly formalized behavior. Individuals who suffer from OCD are most often plagued by thoughts of violence, contamination (for instance, being concerned that they are infected), or doubt. The most common compulsions among individuals with OCD are hand washing, cleaning, counting, or checking locks. Individuals suffering from OCD probably recognize that their behavior is irrational but feel powerless to stop it. OCD will eventually get in the way of the person’s functioning in other areas of life and will require treatment. Though OCD is thought to have biological origins, it can be treated with a combination of medication and behavioral therapy.

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