Human Development, Part 12

Question 1: What are some of the developmental consequences of poverty?

Answer 1: In general, poverty has been found to have negative developmental consequences for children. Children in impoverished families may be at risk of educational failure because they lack access to adequate nutrition, health care, dental care, or vision care, as well as lacking access to educational resources that parents with higher incomes can afford to purchase for their children. Children whose parents possess less education have parents who are less able to find full-time year-round work, and the work they find pays less well. As a consequence, policymakers and program administrators in areas with large numbers of children in groups with low parental education tend to have children as clients who not only have parents with limited education, but who work more sporadically, and who have limited income to provide for the needs of their children.

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Question 2: Define and describe respectful, reciprocal communication.

Answer 2: One simple way to communicate more effectively is to treat the person whom you are addressing respectfully regardless of one’s own emotional inclinations. Exhibiting disrespect is almost never helpful, as it immediately places the listener in an adversarial, and probably hostile frame of mind, and encourages them to disregard or dispute anything that is said. This does not mean that one has to agree with everyone and hide any opposition which one may hold to their attitudes, beliefs, values, or positions; it simply means that one should state ones differences in a way that does not belittle another’s. For instance, instead of saying that is a really stupid way of looking at the situation, it is usually more helpful to say well, I see the situation somewhat differently. Then you can go on to explain how you see it, without ever saying directly that they are stupid or even wrong, but simply that it is possible to see things in different ways. Reciprocal communication involves each party receiving equal respect for their ideas and views.

Question 3: What are students’ rights under Title 20- Equal Access?

Answer 3: Title 20 states that denial of equal access is prohibited. More precisely: (a) Restriction of limited open forum on basis of religious, political, philosophical, or other speech content is prohibited. It shall be unlawful for any public secondary school which receives Federal financial assistance and which has a limited open forum to deny equal access or a fair opportunity to, or discriminate against, any students who wish to conduct a meeting within that limited open forum on the basis of the religious, political, philosophical, or other content of the speech at such meetings.

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