The Industrial Revolution, Part 2
Question 1: Describe how the changing roles of guilds in the Industrial Age affected workers in Great Britain.
Answer 1: All three writers exposed the exploitation that accompanied industrialization in Great Britain. Charles Dickens was one of Britain’s most important popular writers of the 1800s. His novels, including Oliver Twist (1838) and David Copperfield (1850), attacked greed and abuse in industrialized Britain, exposing the exploitation of children and other low
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Question 2: Summarize how the following writers contributed to reform in Great Britain: Charles Dickens, Thomas Carlyle, John Ruskin.
Answer 2: All three writers exposed the exploitation that accompanied industrialization in Great Britain. Charles Dickens was one of Britain’s most important popular writers of the 1800s. His novels, including Oliver Twist (1838) and David Copperfield (1850), attacked greed and abuse in industrialized Britain, exposing the exploitation of children and other low
Question 3: Summarize the philosophies of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill and explain their influence on reform movements.
Answer 3: Bentham rejected Smith’s idea that individuals acting in self-interest would lead to the greatest common good. Bentham promoted the theory of utilitarianism, arguing that policies were good if they led to the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. To that end, Bentham called for reform in the justice systems and the development of education so that citizens would be better able to decide what policies would bring the greatest good for the majority. John Stuart Mill rejected the theories of Malthus and Ricardo that accepted poverty as inevitable. Mill believed that all people had a right to be happy and free from poverty. To that end, he promoted education and the expansion of democracy, even to women. The theories of Bentham and Mill inspired many reformers of the 1800s.
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