The War at Home, Part 2

Question 1: List and describe the Americans who set themselves on fire in protest of the Vietnam War.

Answer 1: Alice Herz: An 82-year-old pacifist woman who set herself on fire on a street corner in Detroit, Michigan, on March 16, 1965. Died ten days later. Deliberately emulated South Vietnamese Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc.Norman Morrison: A 31-year-old Quaker from Baltimore who set himself on fire with kerosene below Robert McNamara’s office window in the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. on November 2, 1965. Died the same day. The event haunted McNamara. Roger Allen LaPorte: A 22-year-old Catholic Worker Movement member who self-immolated in front of the United Nations Building in New York City on November 9, 1965. Died the next day. Florence Beaumont: Mother of two who burnt herself to death with gasoline in front of the Los Angeles Federal Building on October 15, 1967. George Winne, Jr.: A 23-year-old student at the University of California, San Diego. Burned himself alive on May 10, 1970. Died the following day.

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Question 2: Describe the Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam.

Answer 2: The Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam was a widespread protest of the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War that spanned the country and the globe on October 15, 1969. Participants numbered in the millions throughout the world, with 100,000 alone attending a speech in Boston by George McGovern, a World War II veteran who famously opposed the Vietnam War. A similar nationwide protest, also titled a “moratorium,” followed one month later on November 15, in which 500,000 protesters marched on Washington, D.C. and held vigil at a rally with performers and activists on a stage across from the White House.The protests were successful enough to garner a response from President Nixon, who admitted that such protests and opposition to the war was expected but that he would not allow it to sway his stance on the matter.

Question 3: Discuss the buildup to the 1968 Democratic National Convention.

Answer 3: The 1968 Democratic National Convention, held at the International Amphitheatre in Chicago, Illinois, from August 26 to 29, was the target of numerous protests. The Youth International Party (“Yippies”) prepared a massive gathering in the city at the same time of the convention, hoping to overshadow the convention with their own presence. Another main protest group was the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam (MOBE), an umbrella organization including all Vietnam War protesters. The MOBE members also planned to saturate the city with their presence, in marches, a rally, movement centers, and workshops. Both groups were well organized and well prepared for their appearances. As the convention neared, Richard J. Daley, Chicago’s immensely influential mayor, made extensive preparations to ensure that order was maintained. He issued extra equipment to the police department, refreshed them with crowd control techniques, increased manpower, and coordinated closely with the National Guard. By the time of the convention, Chicago looked almost like an occupied city.

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