United States Government: Federal - Executive Institution, Part 2

Question 1: Describe: The Secretary of Labor and the Department of Labor

Answer 1: The Secretary of Labor is a member of the President’s Cabinet and is the head of the Department of Labor, which was established in 1913. The Department of Labor is responsible for advancing the well-being of workers in the United States, bettering working conditions, and increasing the employment opportunities available to workers. To meet these responsibilities, the Department of Labor administers Federal labor laws to ensure the rights of employees to a safe working environment, a minimum wage, overtime pay, unemployment insurance, and workers' compensation. The Department of Labor also administers labor laws to ensure that discrimination does not occur in the workplace. Other efforts that the Department of Labor makes in the interest of workers involve the protection of employee pension rights, job training programs, job placement programs, improving collective bargaining ability, and monitoring economic indicators related to employment.

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Question 2: Describe: The Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 2: The Secretary of Health and Human Services is a member of the President’s Cabinet and is the head of the Department of Health and Human Services, which was established in 1953. The Department of Health and Human Services is responsible for protecting the health of the citizens of the United States and providing vital human services. The Department of Health and Human Services conducts health and social science research, conducts research aimed at preventing disease, researches and provides immunization services, works to ensure food and drug safety, manages Medicare and Medicaid, provides health information technology, provides financial aid and services for low-income families, works to better maternal and infant health, manages the program Head Start for pre-school students, supports community programs, works to reduce child abuse and domestic violence, supports substance abuse treatment and prevention, supports services for the elderly, ensures health services for Native Americans, and prepares for medical emergencies. The Secretary of Health and Human Services provides advice to the President on issues regarding health, welfare, and income security.

Question 3: Describe: The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Department of Housing and Urban Development

Answer 3: The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is a member of the President’s Cabinet and is the head of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, which was established in 1965. The Department of Housing and Urban Development is responsible for developing programs and policies related to housing and community development in the United States. Specifically, the Department of Housing and Urban Development administers housing assistance programs, fosters State and local involvement in addressing housing and community development issues, and promotes donations from private house building and mortgage lending companies to housing and community development programs.

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